"(T)he only proof for the existence of God is that without God you couldn't prove anything." – Cornelius van Til
God wants you to “be ready always to give an answer to every man that asketh you a reason of the hope that is in you” (1 Pet 3:15). Answering questions from atheists can be very difficult, so it’s important for the Christian to be adequately trained in apologetics. Presuppositionalism offers a Biblically-based – and probably the easiest – approach to defending your faith.There are two foundational presuppositions.
First, we presuppose the existence of the God of the Bible. The atheist knows God exists. God has clearly revealed Himself through nature (Rom 1:18-32; Ps 19:1). So don’t waste your time trying to prove God’s existence or defining what you mean by “God.”
Second, the Christian presupposes that God is the source of truth and the only way we can know what’s true is through the Bible. There is no such thing as brute fact. That is to say, nothing is true in and of itself. A thing is true because God makes it true. All the evidence for evolution is untrue because God hasn’t made it true. But how do we know the Bible is the Word of God? Because it tells us (2 Tim 3:16). And why should we believe the Bible? Because it’s infallible (Jn 17:17b). And why is it infallible? Because it is the Word of God. One of the most common atheist criticisms is that Christianity is founded on circular reasoning. And they’re right! (It will really take the wind out of their sails if you just admit it.)

Christianity isn’t rational. It’s impossible to prove the claims of the Bible rationally, and you shouldn’t try (1 Cor 1:18; 2:1). You’ll only end up looking foolish. For example, Paul E. Little believed the empty tomb was proof of Jesus’ resurrection. But just because the Bible says Jesus’ disciples found His tomb empty doesn’t prove He rose from the dead.
You’re probably wondering by now how you can possibly use presuppositionalism to defend your faith. So far all we’ve done is concede that Christianity isn’t rational. But the beauty of presuppositional apologetics is that it turns the tables on the atheist. It is defence in the form of attack. The next step is to show the atheist that his beliefs are just as irrational as yours. If you do this successfully, you can remove any excuses he has for denying God and, Lord willing, lead him to Christ.
The atheist relies on himself to be the arbiter of right and wrong, truth and falsehood. The trick is getting him to admit it. He will try to say he relies on evidence to support his belief that God doesn’t exist. But keep asking him, “Why?” Why does he believe the evidence? If he is honest, he must eventually concede that he believes the evidence because he has decided it’s true. He believes there is no God because that is what the evidence tells him and he believes the evidence because he has decided it’s true. This is circular reasoning. If you can make the atheist see this, you have leveled the playing field.
The next step is to ask the atheist if he is always right. Unless he’s completely arrogant, he will admit he’s sometimes wrong. The atheist’s position is therefore weaker than the Christian’s, for the Bible is never wrong. Because there is no need to establish the existence of the God of the Bible, you may then skip straight to sharing the Gospel with the atheist, and he will have no reason to reject it. But don’t be disappointed if he does. “For many are called, but few are chosen” (Mat 22:14). At least you will have exposed atheism for the folly it is (1 Cor 1:27).
Here is an example of how a discussion with an atheist might go if you use a presuppositional approach.*
Atheist: “Why do you believe in God?”
Christian: “Because God has revealed Himself clearly through creation.”
Atheist: “But if we look at nature closely we see evidence for evolution, not design.”
Christian: “Evolution is just an excuse to deny the existence of God. The Bible tells us God created everything in six 24-hour days 6,000 years ago.”
Atheist: “How can you believe the Bible? It’s just a collection of old myths.”
Christian: “Because the Bible is God’s Word.”
Atheist: “How do you know that?”
Christian: “Because Second Timothy three verse sixteen says, ‘All Scripture is given by inspiration of God.’”
Atheist: “How can you be sure there aren’t any mistakes in the Bible?”
Christian: “The Bible is infallible. In John seventeen verse seventeen, Jesus tells us God’s Word is truth.”
Atheist: “What makes the Bible infallible? Aren’t there lots of contradictions? Wouldn’t many mistakes have crept in over the years?”
Christian: “God has promised to preserve His Word throughout all generations.”
Atheist: “You’re going round in circles. You’re begging the question. That’s a logical fallacy.”
Christian: “I know.”
Atheist: [Stunned silence.]
Christian: “Christianity isn’t rational. I’m not going to try to prove anything to you. I would just like to ask you a few questions, if I may. You’re an atheist, right?”
Atheist: “Yes.”
Christian: “So you believe God doesn’t exist and everything came from nothing and we evolved from monkeys and global warming is real?”
Atheist: “Naturally.”
Christian: “Why do you believe all this?”
Atheist: “Well, there’s mountains of evidence to support my beliefs.”
Christian: “Why do you believe the evidence?”
[Ask “why” as many times as you need to. For example:
Atheist: “Well, it comes from reliable sources. Scientists have gathered the information over many years.”
Christian: “Why do you believe the scientists?”]
Atheist: “Well, I guess I believe the evidence because common sense tells me it sounds logical. Some things, like transitional fossils, I have seen in museums with my own eyes.”
Christian: “So you ultimately decide what’s true?”
Atheist: “I guess so.”
Christian: “So let me get this straight. You believe God doesn’t exist because that’s what the evidence tells you, and you believe the evidence because you’ve decided it’s true. That is also circular reasoning. Tell me, are you always right?”
Atheist: “Of course not. Everyone makes mistakes now and again.”
Christian: “That’s where you and I differ. I don’t rely on myself to determine the truth; I rely on the Bible, and the Bible is always right.”
Atheist: [Reluctantly] “All right. You’ve made your point. I can see I no longer have an adequate excuse to keep running away from God. I suppose I’ve always known deep down that the God of the Bible exists, but I didn’t want to give up my sinful lifestyle. Tell me, what must I do to get right with God?”
Presuppositionalism can be used against any false belief system, not just atheism. What makes Christians unique is that we rely on the Bible to determine truth. Agnostics, buddhists, hindus, muslims, mormons and joos rely on themselves to determine truth. I hope you will all find presuppositional apologetics a useful tool in your quest to preach the Gospel to every creature (Mk 16:15).Christian: “Because God has revealed Himself clearly through creation.”
Atheist: “But if we look at nature closely we see evidence for evolution, not design.”
Christian: “Evolution is just an excuse to deny the existence of God. The Bible tells us God created everything in six 24-hour days 6,000 years ago.”
Atheist: “How can you believe the Bible? It’s just a collection of old myths.”
Christian: “Because the Bible is God’s Word.”
Atheist: “How do you know that?”
Christian: “Because Second Timothy three verse sixteen says, ‘All Scripture is given by inspiration of God.’”
Atheist: “How can you be sure there aren’t any mistakes in the Bible?”
Christian: “The Bible is infallible. In John seventeen verse seventeen, Jesus tells us God’s Word is truth.”
Atheist: “What makes the Bible infallible? Aren’t there lots of contradictions? Wouldn’t many mistakes have crept in over the years?”
Christian: “God has promised to preserve His Word throughout all generations.”
Atheist: “You’re going round in circles. You’re begging the question. That’s a logical fallacy.”
Christian: “I know.”
Atheist: [Stunned silence.]
Christian: “Christianity isn’t rational. I’m not going to try to prove anything to you. I would just like to ask you a few questions, if I may. You’re an atheist, right?”
Atheist: “Yes.”
Christian: “So you believe God doesn’t exist and everything came from nothing and we evolved from monkeys and global warming is real?”
Atheist: “Naturally.”
Christian: “Why do you believe all this?”
Atheist: “Well, there’s mountains of evidence to support my beliefs.”
Christian: “Why do you believe the evidence?”
[Ask “why” as many times as you need to. For example:
Atheist: “Well, it comes from reliable sources. Scientists have gathered the information over many years.”
Christian: “Why do you believe the scientists?”]
Atheist: “Well, I guess I believe the evidence because common sense tells me it sounds logical. Some things, like transitional fossils, I have seen in museums with my own eyes.”
Christian: “So you ultimately decide what’s true?”
Atheist: “I guess so.”
Christian: “So let me get this straight. You believe God doesn’t exist because that’s what the evidence tells you, and you believe the evidence because you’ve decided it’s true. That is also circular reasoning. Tell me, are you always right?”
Atheist: “Of course not. Everyone makes mistakes now and again.”
Christian: “That’s where you and I differ. I don’t rely on myself to determine the truth; I rely on the Bible, and the Bible is always right.”
Atheist: [Reluctantly] “All right. You’ve made your point. I can see I no longer have an adequate excuse to keep running away from God. I suppose I’ve always known deep down that the God of the Bible exists, but I didn’t want to give up my sinful lifestyle. Tell me, what must I do to get right with God?”
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* Your discussion with an atheist may not go this smoothly. The atheist may not say what you want him to say. He may keep giving the wrong answers. If he asks a question you don’t know the answer to, just stick to your guns.
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